What is a significant characteristic of autism spectrum disorder?

The significant characteristic of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) lies in the difficulties in social communication. Individuals with ASD often experience challenges in understanding and engaging in social interactions, which can manifest as difficulties in verbal and nonverbal communication, challenges in understanding social cues, and struggles in developing and maintaining relationships. These communication issues are a core feature of the disorder and significantly impact the individual's ability to navigate social environments.

While some individuals with ASD may demonstrate a preference for solitary activities or may possess extraordinary skills in specific areas, such attributes are not universally applicable to all individuals on the spectrum. Additionally, the idea of an inability to learn academic content is misleading, as many individuals with ASD can and do succeed in academic settings, but may require different approaches or support systems. The presence of highly developed math skills is also not a defining characteristic, as it does not encompass the broader communication challenges that are central to the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder.