What does the term "behavior modification" refer to?

The term "behavior modification" specifically refers to the systematic approach used to change behavior through various techniques, most notably the use of reinforcement strategies. This involves identifying specific behaviors that need to be increased or decreased and implementing consequences (reinforcements or punishments) to encourage positive behavior changes.

Reinforcement can take different forms, such as positive reinforcement, where a desirable consequence is provided to increase a behavior, or negative reinforcement, where an undesirable condition is removed to promote behavior change. The goal is to establish a consistent relationship between behavior and outcomes, thus promoting a desired change over time.

The other options represent different strategies or approaches that do not encapsulate the broader concept of behavior modification. For instance, changing a student's location within the classroom might not effectively address the underlying behavior. Assigning additional homework for poor behavior could be seen as punitive rather than constructive modification. Eliminating distractions isn't a focused behavior change strategy but rather a supportive measure that could help create a conducive learning environment.