What characterizes dyslexia as a specific learning disability?

Dyslexia is specifically characterized by difficulties with accurate and fluent word recognition, which encompasses challenges in decoding, spelling, and encoding written language. This condition primarily affects an individual's ability to read, resulting in struggles with recognizing written words and understanding their meanings, which can lead to significant obstacles in academic settings. The essence of dyslexia lies in the cognitive processes involved in language processing, particularly in connecting letters to their corresponding sounds and blending these sounds to form words.

The other options do not align with the defining features of dyslexia. While verbal communication difficulties can occur in some individuals with learning disabilities, they are not a hallmark of dyslexia itself. Social interaction challenges are more characteristic of other conditions, such as autism spectrum disorder. Issues with physical coordination are unrelated to dyslexia, as they pertain to motor skill development rather than the cognitive processing of language. Thus, the correct choice highlights the specific reading-related difficulties that distinctly characterize dyslexia as a learning disability.